Sets + Mathematical Notation

A dictionary of mathematical notation.

Term

Symbol

Meaning

TEX

Subset

\subseteq

If every element of AA is in B,B, we say that AB.A \subseteq B.

\subseteq

Proper Subset

\subset

If every element of AA is in B,B, but the two sets are guaranteed to not be equal, we say that AB.A \subset B.

\subset

Intersection

\cap

Used to denote the set of elements that are shared between two sets. A  BA\ \cap\ B denotes the set containing elements shared between AA and B.B.

\cap

Union

\cup

Used to denote the set that contains all elements of one or many sets, whether they are shared or not. A  BA\ \cup\ Bdenotes the set containing elements contained in AA and B.B.

\cup

Complement

^\complement

Used to denote items that are in one set but not the other. ABA^\complement B is the set of elements that are contained in AAbut not in B.B.

\complement

Cross Product

×\times

Used to denote the set of pairs those first component is in AAand whose second is inB.B.

\times

In

\in

Used to show an item is in a set.

\in

Not In

\notin

Used to show an item is not in a set.

\notin

Conjunction

\wedge

P  QP\ \wedge \ Q is true if both PPandQQare true.

\land

Disjunction

\lor

If either PPandQQare true, then P  QP\ \lor \ Qis true.

\lor

Set

{}\{\}

Used to denote a set.

\{\}

Implies

    \implies

P    QP \implies Q states that PP being true means QQis true. Doesn't give any info about what happens when PPis false.

\implies

Iff

    \iff

If and only if.

\iff

For all

\forall

Used to refer to all of the elements within a specific set.

\forall

There exists

\exists

Used to declare the existance of one or more of something.

\exists

Negation

¬\neg

¬P\neg P is true when PPis false.

\neg

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